Non-EU citizens seeking employment in Bulgaria must secure a work permit, a “Type D” visa, and potentially a residence permit. This guide outlines the necessary conditions, procedures, and rights for obtaining these permits.
1. Conditions for Working in Bulgaria
- Work Permit: Required to legally work in Bulgaria.
- Visa “Type D”: Necessary for entry and residency in Bulgaria for employment purposes.
- Residence Permit: Applicable if you do not have a single permit.
Quota Limits: Non-EU workers cannot exceed 20% of the workforce employed by the company over the previous 12 months.
2. Procedures for Obtaining Permits
Single Permit:
- Employer’s Role: Your employer must apply for a single permit on your behalf at the local Employment Office.
- Labor Market Test: The employer must demonstrate efforts to find a suitable local candidate before hiring a non-EU worker.
- Exemptions: Certain categories, like guest professors and athletes, may be exempt from the labor market test.
Visa “Type D”:
- Application: Once approved for a single permit, apply for the “Type D” visa at the Bulgarian embassy or consulate in your home country.
- Purpose: Allows entry into Bulgaria to work.
Obtaining the Single Permit:
- After arriving in Bulgaria with your visa, apply for the single permit at the Migration Directorate. This permit allows you to reside and work in Bulgaria.
Documents Required:
- Copy of a valid passport
- Criminal record check from your home country
- Proof of financial means
- Proof of accommodation
- Health insurance
- Relevant educational or professional qualifications
3. Validity and Renewal
- Single Permit: Valid for up to one year, renewable for up to three years. Renewal must be requested at least 14 days before expiration.
- Work Permit: Same validity as the single permit, aligned with the employment contract.
After three years, you must leave Bulgaria for one month before reapplying for a new work permit.
4. Further Requirements
- Residence Notification: Within five days of arrival, notify the authorities of your address in Bulgaria.
5. Rights and Appeals
Change of Employment:
- Single/Work Permits: Tied to a specific employer and position; a new application is required if you change employers.
Long-Term Residence:
- Eligible after five years of continuous legal residence, with restrictions on the amount of time you can spend outside Bulgaria.
- Long-term residents have equal rights to Bulgarian citizens in areas such as health insurance and social security.
Appeals: Decisions related to permits can be appealed within 14 days at local administrative courts.
This detailed guide ensures compliance with Bulgarian immigration laws while helping non-EU nationals navigate the process of obtaining the necessary work permits and visas.